Understanding the word “Journalist”

The word journalist comes from the French ‘journal’, which means newspaper or newspaper. So journalists work for a newspaper, but also for radio or television. A journalist is constantly looking for news.

News can come in via a press release . That is a message with information that people send to a newspaper. Or via a press conference . A newspaper can also buy messages. Often events appear in the newspaper or on TV at the same time. For a journalist it is always nice to have a scoop , then you will be the first to report the news.

As a journalist you can write about politics, health care or accidents. You can also specialize, for example in the field of music, sports or education.

A journalist cannot always go to everyone to ask questions. Journalists also do many interviews by phone or email.

Are you curious?

So a journalist can get news in different ways. Nevertheless, he will always have to find out carefully whether a story is correct or not. In the event of a conflict (quarrel or war), the journalist talks to all involved so that he can report properly.
In the some countries they have freedom of the press. In Iran or Russia, for example, journalists are not allowed to write critically about politics or about the government. If they do, they can be arrested or killed.

If you want to become a journalist, you are curious. You like to read, because you often have to look for information in books or on the internet. You also get information through conversations with people. You have to be able to listen carefully and ask questions. And if you are going to work for a newspaper or magazine, you must of course be able to write well. And then you also have to be able to handle stress, because you often have to meet a deadline .

When your article is published, people will respond to it. Sometimes they disagree with you at all. So you also have to be able to withstand criticism.

Education

Everything above appeals to you and you are sure you want to become a journalist? Then you can go to a journalism course. In the first year you learn what is new. And you learn practical things, such as conducting interviews. In the second year, you choose a major, such as television. Every year you do an internship for a while.

You take photos during a report, interview or a composite production. So you take photos on the most diverse subjects. And do you like writing, but not crowds and exciting things? Then you can become a writer. There you will learn how to write stories, poems or plays.

When building a house, we keep facing the same problems and the same questions. These building mistakes boil down to the decision makers, the home owner and the builder. Bottom line is that the home owner is always at loss because he/she will have to hire remedial services from cpr facade upgrade specialists to correct the problem. Basically, it is often the case that builders always tend to make the same mistakes.

Common House Building Mistakes: Avoid Costly Remedial Services In The Future

Don’t be misled with flowery advertising words.

“Generous, near-natural property with picturesque old buildings and idyllic proximity to water. Here you can find peace and quiet and enjoy the silence of the forest.”

Behind a good advertising could be a disaster. The following can be concealed behind it: A permanently shaded plot of land in a ravine with a small river that tends to flood and lies on a single-lane road that is already impassable when there is moderate snowfall. But there is no cell phone reception and DSL has never seen this spot either. If you don’t want to become a hermit wild boar breeder, please don’t even take a spot like this for free.

Building a house begins with the property and you only buy it once in a lifetime. All faults in the building can be corrected later, but the property always remains the same. So don’t get a “bargain” for you. Nobody has anything to give away, especially land not at all.

The ideal property is:

• Dry
• Free of contamination
• Located in a suitable area
• Legally buildable
• On a developed, existing, renovated or newly built street (not everything that looks like a street is one! Make sure to check in the land registry office whether the street is really listed as already built!)
• With access to all supply and disposal facilities
• Close enough to “civilization” and your living environment
• Far enough from disturbances such as industrial plants, traffic routes, leisure facilities

If the properties within your reach appear to be too expensive, consider adjusting each and every one of these points – if at all possible – costs money:

• Damp properties must be drained.
• Uneven plots must be leveled or built on a “slope” level.
• Loose soil requires a deep foundation.
• Contaminated soil must be remediated.
• Northern slopes have little sun and generate higher heating costs.
• You are not allowed to build your individual dream home everywhere. DSL is also not available everywhere.
• And you certainly don’t want to drive 150 kilometers to work every day either.

Therefore: You can save meaningfully everywhere and, in the worst case, have to pay the hard way. On the property, however, you only have one free shot. It is therefore better to calculate everything three times before ruling out a property that is apparently too expensive from the outset.

Refrain from professional advice: price comparison, award of contracts, subsidies, etc.

Hardly any other subject is as complex for an ordinary person as building a house. But there is hardly any other topic where there is so much monetary information. Whether you can save hard cash through simple measures or access funds worth several thousand euros – information is the be-all and end-all here. But please do not listen to friends, acquaintances, colleagues or colleagues of friends. Coaching and consulting in house building is exclusively a matter for professionals.

Build for the present instead of the future

In the 90s, the “half stairs” were all the rage among architects. The fashion has changed in the meantime, but the houses are still standing. How many house builders do you think cursed their property developer after a year at the latest when you have to walk “upstairs, downstairs” every time you go to the kitchen, the toilet or the living room? So don’t fall for trends, think about tomorrow. And the day after tomorrow: You too will get older. Then, if you don’t have stairs wide enough for a lift, you’ll remember this tip.

There are laws established for businesses like heavy duty towing and in other industries to protect them from irregularities and also, to prevent them from abuse. The same thing can be said among journalists. For instance, shield laws are created to give journalists qualified or absolute privilege in refusing to disclose their sources or information acquired through the course of gathering the news.

There’s no such thing as Federal Shield Law

Back in 2018, the District of Columbia and 49 other states enacted some sort of shield law. The Congress is trying to pass the federal shield law way back 2005. Since then, it was named as Free Flow of Information Act. Then in 2017, the efforts were renewed by another bill that’s co-sponsored by US Representative Jim Jordan, R-Ohio and US Representative Jamie Raskin, D-Maryland. Unfortunately, the bill wasn’t passed.

What Shield Laws is for Journalist?

As mentioned, shield law is providing qualified or absolute privilege, although in California, it interprets the law as something that creates immunity against finding contempt instead of a giving privilege. Privileges can be extended to information, sources or sometimes, both.

There are some statutes that are specifying that the privileges are applied to the proceedings before legislative and executive branches and even to judicial proceedings.

Actual conditions to which claims of qualified privilege might be superseded varies.

Shield Law as per State

Under normal circumstances, shield law is requiring the party to seek testimony from the journalist and to demonstrate. The objective is to demonstrate that the obtained information is material, relevant and unobtainable from alternative sources. There are other statutes specifying which actions are constituting waiver of the privilege. For instance, before publication or disclosure of the information requested, it would null the privilege.

Then again, there are shield laws that are taken from other exceptions. A good example for this can be found in the Minnesota Free Flow of Information Act. It declares that the privileges doesn’t apply in libel actions to which the party that seeks disclosure could demonstrate the source’s identity would result to relevant evidence on the issue. Even with such cases, disclosure won’t be compelled without illustrating that the information can’t be acquired from other means.

A lot of people nowadays have big distrust in media to the point that even a harmless translation service like https://ozfanyi.com.au/ are being scrutinized. These people can’t be blamed though for most of them are right. As a matter of fact, it is a good practice to question the things that you are told. It is what separates independent and intelligent individuals.

Smartly Analyzing Bias Information Presented by Media

There are several things that can help in determining whether the information distributed is biased or not.

Not All Information is Equal

Simply because objectivity or neutrality is impossible to attain, it doesn’t indicate that all information acquired is biased and flawed. While it could be problematic to rely on one source of information, it is important to hone the ability of determining thoughtful manners.

It is Highly Subjective

Because of the confirmation bias, people normally see opposing biases in similar situation. To give you an example, the same news report or image or video clip may prompt several accusations of biases from wide range of positions on entire political spectrum.

Know about Assumptions and Cynicism

Conversations and discussions towards media bias normally devolve into the exchange of cynical assumption regarding the media itself. These said assumptions normally include the idea that the media bias is nearly systematic and overt than being incidental and perceived. While objectivity or journalistic standard of neutrality is almost impossible to attain in any given report, it can help in minimizing media bias via the application of journalistic standards as well as practices.

Media in the US on the other hand are “biased” in so many ways you can imagine. It isn’t always pointing towards the right or left but oftentimes, towards the reaffirmation of worldview of insular establishment.

It ought to be obvious that there cannot be neutral journalist. It is just impossible. Everyone has moral instincts and follows their own beliefs. These will be affecting how facts would be interpreted and reported to the general public. So the best course of action here is acknowledging where we are actually coming from. By showing awareness of our own beliefs may make us trustworthy than being in denial about it.

“Bad news” often sells better than “good news”. When it comes to public media criticism, that is a prevailing opinion. Constructive journalism allows a different view of world events. Seems to be the alternative to headline journalism.

What is Constructive Journalism?

Television and radio news, newspapers, magazines, and online media seem to be all looking at the negative. In journalists’ jargon, people used to speak of “red and blue light topics”, comparable to the content in the classic boulevard. It’s primarily about accidents, murder, and manslaughter. You learn a lot about strikes and bankruptcies, corruption and scandals, crises, conflicts, and wars.

Christin Fink writes in the publication “Positive Journalism” (Ed. Deutscher Fachjournalisten-Verband / Halem Verlag ): “In comparison, reports about victories, progress, and growth or even words of praise about good politics seem much rarer. Mainstream journalism is – so it gives the impression – predominantly negative. ”

Let us remember Erich Kästner (writer and journalist) in this context. He said on the subject: “If Mr. Müller is a decent guy, nobody wants to know. But if Mr. Müller pours water into the milk and sells the drink as sweet cream, then it will be in the newspaper. ”

The former WDR director Friedrich Nowottny wrote in an article in 1988: “For me, journalism is fundamentally critical, otherwise it would be irrelevant. Well researched, fully disclosed facts. ”

News websites, blogs, and the mass chirping on Twitter are mutually reinforcing. A small wave of news quickly turns into a tsunami.

Constructive journalism is not always positive journalism that deals more with good news and uses more linguistically friendly formulations. Constructive journalism also portrays the problem before suggesting solutions or possible solutions.

At times many companies like towing service San Jose want to make use of positive journalism. However, when placed in a bad light, a constructive journalism approach is preferable.

The traditional media machinery is completely geared towards scandals and problems, criticizes Ulrik Haagerup, director of the news on Danish television and author of the book “Constructive News: Why bad news is destroying the media and how journalists touch people again with a completely new approach”.

“We think the only good stories are stories about conflict, drama, criminals, and victims. That is the reason why Donald Trump, for example, is so successful, because he uses exactly these mechanisms, delivers conflict, drama, criminals, and victims. ”

Ulrik Haagerup plays with journalistic truths: “Forget the phrase ‘bad news is good news’. Replace it with ‘turn bad news into good news’. ”

Constructive journalism aims to educate, analyze, inform, and at the same time tell stories. Stories that help make the world a little more liveable and fit for the future.

It is known from positive psychology: When people use their strengths, they are happier and more successful and infect others with their ideas. Constructive journalism would like to accompany and critically observe this process.

But journalism is more than that. Journalism turns news into stories. That can also provide solutions.